Exposure diversity as a design principle for recommender systems external link

Helberger, N., Karppinen, K. & D'Acunto, L.
Information, Communication and Society, vol. 2018, num: 2, 2017

Abstract

Personalized recommendations in search engines, social media and also in more traditional media increasingly raise concerns over potentially negative consequences for diversity and the quality of public discourse. The algorithmic filtering and adaption of online content to personal preferences and interests is often associated with a decrease in the diversity of information to which users are exposed. Notwithstanding the question of whether these claims are correct or not, this article discusses whether and how recommendations can also be designed to stimulate more diverse exposure to information and to break potential ‘filter bubbles’ rather than create them. Combining insights from democratic theory, computer science and law, the article makes suggestions for design principles and explores the potential and possible limits of ‘diversity sensitive design’.

autonomy, exposure diversity, filter bubbles, filtering, frontpage, information diversity, medial law, nudging, recommender systems, search enginges, Social media

Bibtex

Article{Helberger2017, title = {Exposure diversity as a design principle for recommender systems}, author = {Helberger, N. and Karppinen, K. and D\'Acunto, L.}, url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/ICS_2016.pdf}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2016.1271900}, year = {0119}, date = {2017-01-19}, journal = {Information, Communication and Society}, volume = {2018}, number = {2}, pages = {}, abstract = {Personalized recommendations in search engines, social media and also in more traditional media increasingly raise concerns over potentially negative consequences for diversity and the quality of public discourse. The algorithmic filtering and adaption of online content to personal preferences and interests is often associated with a decrease in the diversity of information to which users are exposed. Notwithstanding the question of whether these claims are correct or not, this article discusses whether and how recommendations can also be designed to stimulate more diverse exposure to information and to break potential ‘filter bubbles’ rather than create them. Combining insights from democratic theory, computer science and law, the article makes suggestions for design principles and explores the potential and possible limits of ‘diversity sensitive design’.}, keywords = {autonomy, exposure diversity, filter bubbles, filtering, frontpage, information diversity, medial law, nudging, recommender systems, search enginges, Social media}, }

Smart TV and the online media sector: User privacy in view of changing market realities external link

Telecommunications Policy, vol. 41, num: 3, pp: 170-184, 2017

Abstract

Smart TV and online media enable precise monitoring of online media consumption, which also forms the basis for personalised recommendations. This new practice challenges EU policy in two respects. Firstly, the legality of monitoring individual media consumption and using personal data of users is primarily addressed under data protection law. Secondly, tracking of viewing behaviour and personalisation of media content can also affect individuals’ freedom to receive information, as well as the realisation of media policy objectives such as media freedom and pluralism, implications that so far are not reflected in media law and policy, or only marginally. This article addresses the increasing reliance on personal data and personalised services in the audiovisual and online media sector and queries the appropriateness of the legal status quo in light of implementation and enforcement actions in Germany and the Netherlands. The analysis concludes with a call for media policy makers and regulators to pay more attention to the issue of ‘smart surveillance’ of media users, and develops a number of concrete recommendations on how to accommodate the specific privacy concerns of media users.

frontpage, Fundamental rights, Media consumption, Media policy, Monitoring, Online media, Privacy, Smart TV

Bibtex

Article{Irion2017, title = {Smart TV and the online media sector: User privacy in view of changing market realities}, author = {Irion, K. and Helberger, N.}, url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Smart-TV-and-the-Online-media-sector-prepub.pdf}, doi = {https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2016.12.013}, year = {0103}, date = {2017-01-03}, journal = {Telecommunications Policy}, volume = {41}, number = {3}, pages = {170-184}, abstract = {Smart TV and online media enable precise monitoring of online media consumption, which also forms the basis for personalised recommendations. This new practice challenges EU policy in two respects. Firstly, the legality of monitoring individual media consumption and using personal data of users is primarily addressed under data protection law. Secondly, tracking of viewing behaviour and personalisation of media content can also affect individuals’ freedom to receive information, as well as the realisation of media policy objectives such as media freedom and pluralism, implications that so far are not reflected in media law and policy, or only marginally. This article addresses the increasing reliance on personal data and personalised services in the audiovisual and online media sector and queries the appropriateness of the legal status quo in light of implementation and enforcement actions in Germany and the Netherlands. The analysis concludes with a call for media policy makers and regulators to pay more attention to the issue of ‘smart surveillance’ of media users, and develops a number of concrete recommendations on how to accommodate the specific privacy concerns of media users.}, keywords = {frontpage, Fundamental rights, Media consumption, Media policy, Monitoring, Online media, Privacy, Smart TV}, }

Bom onder het internet – Naschrift external link

Auteursrecht, frontpage, Internet

Bibtex

Article{vanEechoud2017, title = {Bom onder het internet – Naschrift}, author = {van Eechoud, M. and Poort, J.}, url = {http://njb.nl/blog/bom-onder-het-internet-%E2%80%93-naschrift.21014.lynkx}, year = {0103}, date = {2017-01-03}, keywords = {Auteursrecht, frontpage, Internet}, }

Notitie Herwaardering kavel A2 external link

Kerste, M., Weda, J. & Poort, J.
2016

Abstract

Naar aanleiding van de uitspraak van het College van Beroep voor het bedrijfsleven op 8 januari 2015 (ECLI:NL:CBB:2015:2) heeft SEO, in samenwerking met IViR, een methodiek ontwikkeld voor de herwaardering van de verlenging van FM-kavel A2 over de periode 1 september 2011 tot 1 september 2017. Uit de nieuwe methodiek volgt een waarde voor verlenging van de vergunning A2 (voor belasting) van € 12,720 miljoen. Dit is het bedrag dat als verlengingsprijs verschuldigd zou zijn per 1-9-2011, gegeven een eenmalige betaling aan het begin van de vergunning per die datum. Voor meer informatie, zie https://zoek.officielebekendmakingen.nl/stcrt-2016-70510.html.

commercial radio, frontpage, licence renewal, Licensing, values

Bibtex

Report{Kerst&Poort2016HerwaarderingA2, title = {Notitie Herwaardering kavel A2}, author = {Kerste, M. and Weda, J. and Poort, J.}, url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/2016-95_Notitie_Herwaardering_kavel_A2-1.pdf}, year = {1220}, date = {2016-12-20}, abstract = {Naar aanleiding van de uitspraak van het College van Beroep voor het bedrijfsleven op 8 januari 2015 (ECLI:NL:CBB:2015:2) heeft SEO, in samenwerking met IViR, een methodiek ontwikkeld voor de herwaardering van de verlenging van FM-kavel A2 over de periode 1 september 2011 tot 1 september 2017. Uit de nieuwe methodiek volgt een waarde voor verlenging van de vergunning A2 (voor belasting) van € 12,720 miljoen. Dit is het bedrag dat als verlengingsprijs verschuldigd zou zijn per 1-9-2011, gegeven een eenmalige betaling aan het begin van de vergunning per die datum. Voor meer informatie, zie https://zoek.officielebekendmakingen.nl/stcrt-2016-70510.html.}, keywords = {commercial radio, frontpage, licence renewal, Licensing, values}, }

De privékopie in internationaal perspectief external link

AMI, num: 5, pp: 121-125, 2016

Abstract

Ondanks een tiental uitspraken van het Europese Hof van Justitie over de privékopie zijn er nog altijd grote verschillen tussen lidstaten in de inrichting van het stelsel, de dragers, de tarieven en de incasso per hoofd van de bevolking. Dit artikel geeft een inkijk in deze verschillen en concludeert dat een heldere link tussen de vergoedingen en de vermeende schade nog ver te zoeken is.

Auteursrecht, dragers, frontpage, internationale aspecten, privékopie, tarieven, vergoedingen

Bibtex

Article{Poort2016b, title = {De privékopie in internationaal perspectief}, author = {Poort, J.}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/AMI_2016_5.pdf}, year = {1220}, date = {2016-12-20}, journal = {AMI}, number = {5}, abstract = {Ondanks een tiental uitspraken van het Europese Hof van Justitie over de privékopie zijn er nog altijd grote verschillen tussen lidstaten in de inrichting van het stelsel, de dragers, de tarieven en de incasso per hoofd van de bevolking. Dit artikel geeft een inkijk in deze verschillen en concludeert dat een heldere link tussen de vergoedingen en de vermeende schade nog ver te zoeken is.}, keywords = {Auteursrecht, dragers, frontpage, internationale aspecten, privékopie, tarieven, vergoedingen}, }

Annotatie bij Hof Den Haag 19 juli 2016 (Your Hosting / Bavaria) external link

van Gompel, S.
AMI, num: 5, pp: 140-143, 2016

Abstract

Auteursrecht op slagzinnen.

Auteursrecht, frontpage, slagzinnen

Bibtex

Article{vanGompel2016, title = {Annotatie bij Hof Den Haag 19 juli 2016 (Your Hosting / Bavaria)}, author = {van Gompel, S.}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Annotatie_AMI_2016_5-1.pdf}, year = {1220}, date = {2016-12-20}, journal = {AMI}, number = {5}, abstract = {Auteursrecht op slagzinnen.}, keywords = {Auteursrecht, frontpage, slagzinnen}, }

Annotatie bij Rb. Noord-Holland 31 augustus 2016 (Klous + Brandjes / Bot Bouw) external link

AMI, num: 5, pp: 145-147, 2016

Abstract

Het gebruik van auteursrecht als incassomiddel door een architect tegen de opvolgende aannemer.

architectuur, Auteursrecht, frontpage, licenties

Bibtex

Article{Kabel2016, title = {Annotatie bij Rb. Noord-Holland 31 augustus 2016 (Klous + Brandjes / Bot Bouw)}, author = {Kabel, J.}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Annotatie_AMI_2016_5.pdf}, year = {1220}, date = {2016-12-20}, journal = {AMI}, number = {5}, abstract = {Het gebruik van auteursrecht als incassomiddel door een architect tegen de opvolgende aannemer.}, keywords = {architectuur, Auteursrecht, frontpage, licenties}, }

Wifi-tracking in de winkel(straat): inbreuk op de privacy? external link

Bosch, B.F.E. & van Eijk, N.
Privacy & Informatie, num: 6, pp: 238-246, 2016

Abstract

Tegenwoordig wordt de consument op steeds grotere schaal gevolgd via de wifi-signalen die smartphones uitzenden. Inzicht in hoe consumenten zich gedragen in een winkel levert commerciële voordelen op voor de winkeliers, maar ook risico's voor de persoonlijke levenssfeer. Onder de Wet bescherming persoonsgegevens is gegevensverwerking via wifi-tracking toegestaan, mits wordt voldaan aan de strenge eisen die de wet stelt. Ter vergelijking wordt gekeken naar de regulering van wifi-tracking in de Verenigde Staten.

consumenten, frontpage, Privacy, Regulering, retailtracking, smartphones, Verenigde Staten, Wet bescherming persoonsgegevens, wifi-tracking, winkels

Bibtex

Article{Bosch2016, title = {Wifi-tracking in de winkel(straat): inbreuk op de privacy?}, author = {Bosch, B.F.E. and van Eijk, N.}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/PrivacyInformatie_2016_6.pdf}, year = {1220}, date = {2016-12-20}, journal = {Privacy & Informatie}, number = {6}, abstract = {Tegenwoordig wordt de consument op steeds grotere schaal gevolgd via de wifi-signalen die smartphones uitzenden. Inzicht in hoe consumenten zich gedragen in een winkel levert commerciële voordelen op voor de winkeliers, maar ook risico\'s voor de persoonlijke levenssfeer. Onder de Wet bescherming persoonsgegevens is gegevensverwerking via wifi-tracking toegestaan, mits wordt voldaan aan de strenge eisen die de wet stelt. Ter vergelijking wordt gekeken naar de regulering van wifi-tracking in de Verenigde Staten.}, keywords = {consumenten, frontpage, Privacy, Regulering, retailtracking, smartphones, Verenigde Staten, Wet bescherming persoonsgegevens, wifi-tracking, winkels}, }

The Golden Age of Personal Data: How to Regulate an Enabling Fundamental Right? external link

Oostveen, M. & Irion, K.
2016

Abstract

New technologies, purposes and applications to process individual’s personal data are developed on a massive scale. But we have not only entered the ‘golden age of personal data’ in terms of its exploitation: ours is also the ‘golden age of personal data’ in terms of regulation of its use. In this contribution, we explain how regulating the processing of an individual’s personal data can be a proxy of intervention, which directly or indirectly could benefit other individual rights and freedoms. Understood as an enabling right, the architecture of EU data protection law is capable of protecting against many of the negative short- and long-term effects of contemporary data processing. The new General Data Protection Regulation certainly strengthens aspects of this core architecture but certain regulatory innovations to cope with technological advancements and the data-driven economy appear less capably of yielding broad protection for individuals fundamental rights and freedoms. We conclude that from the perspective of protecting individual fundamental rights and freedoms, it would be worthwhile to explore alternative (legal) approaches of individual protection in contemporary data processing.

Big data, Data protection, enabling fundamental rights, EU law, General Data Protection Regulation, Privacy

Bibtex

Article{Oostveen2016b, title = {The Golden Age of Personal Data: How to Regulate an Enabling Fundamental Right?}, author = {Oostveen, M. and Irion, K.}, year = {1215}, date = {2016-12-15}, abstract = {New technologies, purposes and applications to process individual’s personal data are developed on a massive scale. But we have not only entered the ‘golden age of personal data’ in terms of its exploitation: ours is also the ‘golden age of personal data’ in terms of regulation of its use. In this contribution, we explain how regulating the processing of an individual’s personal data can be a proxy of intervention, which directly or indirectly could benefit other individual rights and freedoms. Understood as an enabling right, the architecture of EU data protection law is capable of protecting against many of the negative short- and long-term effects of contemporary data processing. The new General Data Protection Regulation certainly strengthens aspects of this core architecture but certain regulatory innovations to cope with technological advancements and the data-driven economy appear less capably of yielding broad protection for individuals fundamental rights and freedoms. We conclude that from the perspective of protecting individual fundamental rights and freedoms, it would be worthwhile to explore alternative (legal) approaches of individual protection in contemporary data processing.}, keywords = {Big data, Data protection, enabling fundamental rights, EU law, General Data Protection Regulation, Privacy}, }

Bijdrage tijdens de hoorzitting van de vaste commissie voor Binnenlandse Zaken over de Wet op de inlichtingen- en veiligheidsdiensten external link

hoorzitting, Informatierecht, transparantie, waarborgen, Wet op de inlichtingen- en veiligheidsdiensten (Wiv)

Bibtex

Presentation{vanEijk2016b, title = {Bijdrage tijdens de hoorzitting van de vaste commissie voor Binnenlandse Zaken over de Wet op de inlichtingen- en veiligheidsdiensten}, author = {van Eijk, N.}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Wiv_bijdrage_vanEijk.pdf}, year = {1216}, date = {2016-12-16}, keywords = {hoorzitting, Informatierecht, transparantie, waarborgen, Wet op de inlichtingen- en veiligheidsdiensten (Wiv)}, }