Waarde verlenging 2100 MH-z vergunningen external link

Kerste, M., Rougoor, W. & Poort, J.
2015

Abstract

Op 31 december 2016 lopen de huidige 2100 MHz-vergunningen van KPN, Vodafone en T-Mobile af. Deze vergunningen worden verlengd, in beginsel tot 1 januari 2021. Op grond van het geldende reguleringskader is de vergunninghouder bij verlenging van een vergunning een vergoeding aan de Staat verschuldigd.
Dit rapport onderzoekt de wijze waarop de waarde van verlenging binnen de beleidsmatige en procedurele randvoorwaarden te bepalen is en berekent verlengingsprijzen aan de hand van de voorgestelde methode. De uitkomst van de multibandveiling eind 2012 neemt daarbij een centrale rol in, en wordt gecombineerd met een model voor de ontwikkeling van de EBITDA over de looptijd.
Om de verlengingsprijs voor 2100 MHz-vergunningen te berekenen, is de bruikbaarheid van de prijzen in de multibandveiling voor 2100 MHz-vergunningen onderzocht alsmede die van de prijzen voor 1800 MHz-vergunningen. Het rapport concludeert dat een verlengingsprijs op basis van de 2100 MHz-band aannemelijk een ondergrens vormt van de juiste verlengingsprijs en die op basis van de 1800 MHz-band een bovengrens, waarbij het in de rede ligt uit te gaan van het midden van deze bandbreedte.
Dit leidt bij een verlengingsduur van vier jaar tot een verlengingsprijs van €5.907.000 miljoen voor een vergunning van 2 × 5 MHz. Voor alle drie de partijen geldt een verlengingsprijs op basis van een bezit van 2 × 20 MHz.
De ontwikkelde methodiek zal als basis dienen voor de ministeriële regeling waarin het eenmalig bedrag voor verlenging wordt geregeld.

Telecommunicatierecht

Bibtex

Report{nokey, title = {Waarde verlenging 2100 MH-z vergunningen}, author = {Kerste, M. and Rougoor, W. and Poort, J.}, url = {http://www.seo.nl/uploads/media/2015-33_Waarde_verlening_2100_MH-z_vergunningen.pdf}, year = {0714}, date = {2015-07-14}, abstract = {Op 31 december 2016 lopen de huidige 2100 MHz-vergunningen van KPN, Vodafone en T-Mobile af. Deze vergunningen worden verlengd, in beginsel tot 1 januari 2021. Op grond van het geldende reguleringskader is de vergunninghouder bij verlenging van een vergunning een vergoeding aan de Staat verschuldigd. Dit rapport onderzoekt de wijze waarop de waarde van verlenging binnen de beleidsmatige en procedurele randvoorwaarden te bepalen is en berekent verlengingsprijzen aan de hand van de voorgestelde methode. De uitkomst van de multibandveiling eind 2012 neemt daarbij een centrale rol in, en wordt gecombineerd met een model voor de ontwikkeling van de EBITDA over de looptijd. Om de verlengingsprijs voor 2100 MHz-vergunningen te berekenen, is de bruikbaarheid van de prijzen in de multibandveiling voor 2100 MHz-vergunningen onderzocht alsmede die van de prijzen voor 1800 MHz-vergunningen. Het rapport concludeert dat een verlengingsprijs op basis van de 2100 MHz-band aannemelijk een ondergrens vormt van de juiste verlengingsprijs en die op basis van de 1800 MHz-band een bovengrens, waarbij het in de rede ligt uit te gaan van het midden van deze bandbreedte. Dit leidt bij een verlengingsduur van vier jaar tot een verlengingsprijs van €5.907.000 miljoen voor een vergunning van 2 × 5 MHz. Voor alle drie de partijen geldt een verlengingsprijs op basis van een bezit van 2 × 20 MHz. De ontwikkelde methodiek zal als basis dienen voor de ministeriële regeling waarin het eenmalig bedrag voor verlenging wordt geregeld.}, keywords = {Telecommunicatierecht}, }

Digital fixation: the law and economics of a fixed e-book price external link

International Journal of Cultural Policy, vol. 23, num: 4, pp: 464-481, 2017

Abstract

Fifteen OECD countries, ten of which EU members, have regulation for fixing the price of printed books. At least eight of these have extended such regulation to e-books. This article investigates the cultural and economic arguments as well as the legal context concerning a fixed price for e-books and deals with the question of how the arguments for and against retail price maintenance for e-books should be weighted in the light of the evidence. It concludes that while the evidence in defence of a fixed price for printed books is slim at best, the case for a fixed price for e-books is weaker still while the legal acceptability within EU law is disputable. Against this background, introducing a fixed price for e-books is ill-advised.

agency pricing, e-books, fixed book price, frontpage, retail price maintenance, Technologie en recht, Technology and law

Bibtex

Article{Poort2017, title = {Digital fixation: the law and economics of a fixed e-book price}, author = {Poort, J. and van Eijk, N.}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1586.pdf}, year = {0428}, date = {2017-04-28}, journal = {International Journal of Cultural Policy}, volume = {23}, number = {4}, pages = {464-481}, abstract = {Fifteen OECD countries, ten of which EU members, have regulation for fixing the price of printed books. At least eight of these have extended such regulation to e-books. This article investigates the cultural and economic arguments as well as the legal context concerning a fixed price for e-books and deals with the question of how the arguments for and against retail price maintenance for e-books should be weighted in the light of the evidence. It concludes that while the evidence in defence of a fixed price for printed books is slim at best, the case for a fixed price for e-books is weaker still while the legal acceptability within EU law is disputable. Against this background, introducing a fixed price for e-books is ill-advised.}, keywords = {agency pricing, e-books, fixed book price, frontpage, retail price maintenance, Technologie en recht, Technology and law}, }

Access to Personal Data and the Right to Good Governance during Asylum Procedures after the CJEU’s YS and M. and S. judgment (C-141/12 and C-372/12) external link

European Journal of Migration and Law, pp: 259-272., 2015

Abstract

In the YS. and M. and S. judgment, the Court of Justice of the European Union ruled on three procedures in which Dutch judges asked for clarification on the right of asylum seekers to have access to the documents regarding the decision on asylum applications. The judgment is relevant for interpreting the concept of personal data and the scope of the right of access under the Data Protection Directive, and the right to good administration in the eu Charter of Fundamental Rights. At first glance, the judgment seems disappointing from the viewpoint of individual rights. Nevertheless, in our view the judgment provides sufficient grounds for effective access rights to the minutes in future asylum cases.

access to information, asylum procedure, Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, Data protection, effective remedies, Grondrechten, peronal data, Privacy

Bibtex

Article{nokey, title = {Access to Personal Data and the Right to Good Governance during Asylum Procedures after the CJEU’s YS and M. and S. judgment (C-141/12 and C-372/12)}, author = {Zuiderveen Borgesius, F.}, url = {http://booksandjournals.brillonline.com/content/journals/10.1163/15718166-12342080}, year = {0710}, date = {2015-07-10}, journal = {European Journal of Migration and Law}, abstract = {In the YS. and M. and S. judgment, the Court of Justice of the European Union ruled on three procedures in which Dutch judges asked for clarification on the right of asylum seekers to have access to the documents regarding the decision on asylum applications. The judgment is relevant for interpreting the concept of personal data and the scope of the right of access under the Data Protection Directive, and the right to good administration in the eu Charter of Fundamental Rights. At first glance, the judgment seems disappointing from the viewpoint of individual rights. Nevertheless, in our view the judgment provides sufficient grounds for effective access rights to the minutes in future asylum cases.}, keywords = {access to information, asylum procedure, Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, Data protection, effective remedies, Grondrechten, peronal data, Privacy}, }

Your Digital Home is No Longer Your Castle: How Cloud Computing Transforms the (Legal) Relationship between Individuals and Their Personal Records external link

International Journal of Law and Information Technology, vol. 23, num: 4, pp: 348-371., 2015

Abstract

In line with the overall trend individuals’ personal affairs, too, are composed of digital records to an increasing amount. At about the same time, the era of local storage in end user equipment is about to give way to remote computing where data resides on third party equipment (cloud computing). Once information, and even the most personal one, is no longer stored on personal equipment the relationship between individual users and their digital assets belonging to them is becoming increasingly abstract. This contribution focuses on the implications of cloud computing for individuals’ unpublicized digital records. The question to be answered is whether - taken together - the progressing virtualization and the disruption of physical control produce a backslide for individual positions of rights. The paper introduces the legal treatment of users’ digital personal records and how a technical transformation in combination with disparate legal protection and prevailing commercial practices are bound to impact the distribution of rights and obligations.

cloud computing, Consumer law, control, EU law, Grondrechten, Privacy, security

Bibtex

Article{nokey, title = {Your Digital Home is No Longer Your Castle: How Cloud Computing Transforms the (Legal) Relationship between Individuals and Their Personal Records}, author = {Irion, K.}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1584.pdf}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlit/eav015}, year = {0929}, date = {2015-09-29}, journal = {International Journal of Law and Information Technology}, volume = {23}, number = {4}, pages = {348-371.}, abstract = {In line with the overall trend individuals’ personal affairs, too, are composed of digital records to an increasing amount. At about the same time, the era of local storage in end user equipment is about to give way to remote computing where data resides on third party equipment (cloud computing). Once information, and even the most personal one, is no longer stored on personal equipment the relationship between individual users and their digital assets belonging to them is becoming increasingly abstract. This contribution focuses on the implications of cloud computing for individuals’ unpublicized digital records. The question to be answered is whether - taken together - the progressing virtualization and the disruption of physical control produce a backslide for individual positions of rights. The paper introduces the legal treatment of users’ digital personal records and how a technical transformation in combination with disparate legal protection and prevailing commercial practices are bound to impact the distribution of rights and obligations.}, keywords = {cloud computing, Consumer law, control, EU law, Grondrechten, Privacy, security}, }

Themanummer: openbaarheid van publiek bekostigde informatie en het auteursrecht external link

AMI, num: 3, pp: 65-67., 2015

Abstract

We hebben er niet naar gezocht, het is ons in de schoot geworpen: een themanummer. 'Open overheid' en 'open access', die twee onderwerpen hebben alleen nog een verbindende redactionele inleiding nodig en voilà: alles wat een auteursrechtjurist altijd al had willen weten over de vraag waarom het zo is dat we vrijelijk toegang moeten mogen hebben tot informatie waarvoor we zelf hebben betaald.

Auteursrecht, Intellectuele eigendom

Bibtex

Article{nokey, title = {Themanummer: openbaarheid van publiek bekostigde informatie en het auteursrecht}, author = {Kabel, J.}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1583.pdf}, year = {0707}, date = {2015-07-07}, journal = {AMI}, number = {3}, abstract = {We hebben er niet naar gezocht, het is ons in de schoot geworpen: een themanummer. 'Open overheid' en 'open access', die twee onderwerpen hebben alleen nog een verbindende redactionele inleiding nodig en voilà: alles wat een auteursrechtjurist altijd al had willen weten over de vraag waarom het zo is dat we vrijelijk toegang moeten mogen hebben tot informatie waarvoor we zelf hebben betaald.}, keywords = {Auteursrecht, Intellectuele eigendom}, }

Study on Copyright Limitations and Exceptions for Museums external link

Abstract

This study investigates the issue of limitations and exceptions to copyright for the benefit of museums, with a view to strengthening the international understanding of the need to have adequate limitations, exploring existing and proposed models of protection, and moving towards agreement regarding specific exceptions or limitations.

Auteursrecht, Intellectuele eigendom

Bibtex

Report{nokey, title = {Study on Copyright Limitations and Exceptions for Museums}, author = {Guibault, L.}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1582.pdf}, year = {0702}, date = {2015-07-02}, abstract = {This study investigates the issue of limitations and exceptions to copyright for the benefit of museums, with a view to strengthening the international understanding of the need to have adequate limitations, exploring existing and proposed models of protection, and moving towards agreement regarding specific exceptions or limitations.}, keywords = {Auteursrecht, Intellectuele eigendom}, }

Is Europe Falling Behind in Data Mining? Copyright’s Impact on Data Mining in Academic Research external link

Guibault, L., Handke, C.W. & Vallbé, J.
2015

Abstract

This empirical paper discusses how copyright affects data mining (DM) by academic researchers. Based on bibliometric data, we show that where DM for academic research requires the express consent of rights holders: (1) DM makes up a significantly lower share of total research output; and (2) stronger rule-of-law is associated with less DM research. To our knowledge, this is the first time that an empirical study bears out a significant negative association between copyright protection and innovation.

academic research, Auteursrecht, Copyright, data mining, innovation, Intellectuele eigendom

Bibtex

Article{nokey, title = {Is Europe Falling Behind in Data Mining? Copyright’s Impact on Data Mining in Academic Research}, author = {Guibault, L. and Handke, C.W. and Vallbé, J.}, url = {http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2608513}, year = {0702}, date = {2015-07-02}, abstract = {This empirical paper discusses how copyright affects data mining (DM) by academic researchers. Based on bibliometric data, we show that where DM for academic research requires the express consent of rights holders: (1) DM makes up a significantly lower share of total research output; and (2) stronger rule-of-law is associated with less DM research. To our knowledge, this is the first time that an empirical study bears out a significant negative association between copyright protection and innovation.}, keywords = {academic research, Auteursrecht, Copyright, data mining, innovation, Intellectuele eigendom}, }

Alternative compensation models for large-scale non-commercial online use of works external link

pp: pp. 298-306, 2016

Abstract

This paper briefly discusses an alternative legal model to assure remuneration for non-commercial mass online uses by individuals, covered by the exclusive rights of reproduction and communication/making available to the public in Directive 2001/29/EC. Alternative compensation systems (ACS) are legal mechanisms that forsake the need for direct authorization of end-user acts under the aforementioned rights – downloading, uploading, sharing, modifying –, while simultaneously ensuring compensation to creators (i.e. authors and performers) or all rights holders of works included in the scheme. After providing some background, the paper explains the concept of ACS, outlines the legal models and challenges to its implementation and reports on the results of an ongoing interdisciplinary research project on the legal and socioeconomic feasibility of such systems carried out by the Institute for Information Law (IViR), University of Amsterdam. Chief among the findings are the willingness of users to pay for and participate in an ACS, its quantification and, using the case-study of recorded music, the realization that such a model holds the promise of being welfare increasing.

ACI ADAM, alternative compensation systems, Auteursrecht, collective rights management, content flat-rate, Copydan, Copyright, exceptions and limitations, Infosoc Directive, Intellectuele eigendom, levies, private copy

Bibtex

Article{nokey, title = {Alternative compensation models for large-scale non-commercial online use of works}, author = {Quintais, J.}, url = {https://ssrn.com/abstract=2625492}, doi = {https://doi.org/ https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110478198}, year = {1201}, date = {2016-12-01}, abstract = {This paper briefly discusses an alternative legal model to assure remuneration for non-commercial mass online uses by individuals, covered by the exclusive rights of reproduction and communication/making available to the public in Directive 2001/29/EC. Alternative compensation systems (ACS) are legal mechanisms that forsake the need for direct authorization of end-user acts under the aforementioned rights – downloading, uploading, sharing, modifying –, while simultaneously ensuring compensation to creators (i.e. authors and performers) or all rights holders of works included in the scheme. After providing some background, the paper explains the concept of ACS, outlines the legal models and challenges to its implementation and reports on the results of an ongoing interdisciplinary research project on the legal and socioeconomic feasibility of such systems carried out by the Institute for Information Law (IViR), University of Amsterdam. Chief among the findings are the willingness of users to pay for and participate in an ACS, its quantification and, using the case-study of recorded music, the realization that such a model holds the promise of being welfare increasing.}, keywords = {ACI ADAM, alternative compensation systems, Auteursrecht, collective rights management, content flat-rate, Copydan, Copyright, exceptions and limitations, Infosoc Directive, Intellectuele eigendom, levies, private copy}, }

Creative Commons Licenses Legal Pitfalls: Incompatibilities and Solutions external link

Abstract

Creative Commons licenses have been designed to facilitate the use and reuse of creative works by granting some permissions in advance. However, the system is complex with a multiplicity of licenses options, formats and versions available, including translations into different languages and adaptation to specific legislations towards versions which are declared compatible among each other after an international porting process. It should be assessed whether all ported licenses cover exactly the same subject matter, rights and restrictions or whether small language differences may have an impact on the rights actually granted and legal security of current users or the availability of works for future generations to access and build upon. Besides, other possible sources of legal uncertainty and incompatibility, as well as their actual or potential consequences, need to be evaluated, such as the validity and enforceability of the licenses across jurisdictions with different and possibly inconsistent legislations, the variations between the licenses summary and the licenses text written in legal language, the interoperability with other copyleft licenses. This study presents the different licenses (chapter 2), identifies various possible sources of legal incompatibility (chapter 3), evaluates their actual impact (chapter 4) and finally proposes options to mitigate risks and improve compatibility, consistency, clarity and legal security (chapter 5).

Auteursrecht, Intellectuele eigendom

Bibtex

Report{nokey, title = {Creative Commons Licenses Legal Pitfalls: Incompatibilities and Solutions}, author = {van Eijk, N.}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1578.pdf}, year = {0907}, date = {2010-09-07}, abstract = {Creative Commons licenses have been designed to facilitate the use and reuse of creative works by granting some permissions in advance. However, the system is complex with a multiplicity of licenses options, formats and versions available, including translations into different languages and adaptation to specific legislations towards versions which are declared compatible among each other after an international porting process. It should be assessed whether all ported licenses cover exactly the same subject matter, rights and restrictions or whether small language differences may have an impact on the rights actually granted and legal security of current users or the availability of works for future generations to access and build upon. Besides, other possible sources of legal uncertainty and incompatibility, as well as their actual or potential consequences, need to be evaluated, such as the validity and enforceability of the licenses across jurisdictions with different and possibly inconsistent legislations, the variations between the licenses summary and the licenses text written in legal language, the interoperability with other copyleft licenses. This study presents the different licenses (chapter 2), identifies various possible sources of legal incompatibility (chapter 3), evaluates their actual impact (chapter 4) and finally proposes options to mitigate risks and improve compatibility, consistency, clarity and legal security (chapter 5).}, keywords = {Auteursrecht, Intellectuele eigendom}, }